Примеры архитектурно-планировочных решений, минимизирующих распространение инфекции в инфекционных больницах

Examples of architectural and planning concepts that minimize the spreading of infection in infectious diseases hospitals

A. P. Borisoglebskaya, Candidate of Engineering, Professor at Moscow Architecture Institute (State Academy); Associate Professor at SRI Moscow State University of Civil Engineering,CIRD of the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Communal Services of the RF; M. M. Brodach, Candidate of Engineering, Vice President of NP ABOK, Professor at Moscow Architecture Institute (State Academy),CIRD of the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Communal Services of the RF; Yu. A. Tabunschikov, Doctor of Engineering, Professor at Moscow Architecture Institute (State Academy), President of NP ABOK,CIRD of the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Communal Services of the RF; N. V. Shilkin, Candidate of Engineering, Professor at Moscow Architecture Institute (State Academy),CIRD of the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Communal Services of the RF

Keywords: infectious diseases hospital, air distribution, cleanliness class, air lock

Over the last several years, as the Covid-19 pandemic came around, we see wide-scale reprofiling of the existing district hospitals to infectious diseases in-patient facilities, refurbishing of the existing infectious diseases hospitals under the new epidemiological conditions, as well as construction of prefabricated hospital complexes. Active design, construction and commissioning of new multidisciplinary infectious diseases medical care facilities still continues today. The architectural and planning concepts hold the principal position among the activities aimed at controlling air flows transferred between rooms and prevention of infection from spreading in a building.

В условиях возникновения пандемии COVID-19 началось  и продолжается в настоящее время обширное перепрофилирование существующих районных больниц под инфекционные стационары, переоснащение существующих инфекционных больниц под новые эпидемиологические условия, а также строительство быстровозводимых больничных комплексов. В этом процессе архитектурно-планировочные решения играют ведущую роль в управлении потоками воздуха, перетекающими между помещениями, с целью предотвращения распространения инфекции? по зданию.