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Their safety assessment includes studies of impu- Neural Network Technologies in Water
rities, chemical and physical properties, maxi- Treatment and Water Supply Systems: Mod-
mum doses, behaviour in water, transformation ern Approaches, Practical Application, and
in different environments, migration, and cumu- Prospects
lative effects. Reagents, equipment, and materi- Keywords: neural networks, artificial intelligence, water
als in many countries are subject to certification treatment, water supply, digital twin, IoT, SCADA, fore-
by various organizations and specialized labora- casting, process optimization, machine learning
tories. There are established procedures for their This article discusses the application of neural net-
control, including procurement, inspection, han- work technologies and artificial intelligence in water
dling, storage, and maintenance to ensure quality. treatment and water supply systems. Key areas of
At the same time, there is a number of differences: implementation are discussed: water quality fore-
various criteria and standards are used to assess casting, process optimization, water consumption
these parameters (from 0.1 MPC to MPC in the management, and emergency detection. The types
hood), and unlike methods. The research method- of models used (ANN, LSTM, CNN, GNN) and their
ology, experimental conditions and methods for engineering challenges are presented. Practical ben-
assessing the results obtained also differ signifi- efits of implementation are demonstrated, including
cantly, which can lead to differences in the final reduced operating costs, increased energy efficiency,
results concluding permission and not permission and improved system reliability.
for use in drinking water supply. Standardization
Global Experience in Implementing
Desalination Systems
Keywords: water desalination, reverse osmosis, ener-
gy efficiency, water supply, membrane technologies,
water treatment, decentralization, water shortage
This article presents an overview of global and
Russian experience implementing desalination sys-
tems in conditions of freshwater scarcity. Key techno-
logical solutions, including reverse osmosis and hybrid
systems, are examined, as well as energy efficiency
and the use of energy recovery systems. Major inter-
national projects and infrastructure solutions are ana-
lyzed, including the integration of desalinated water
into water supply systems. Special attention is given
to decentralized and mobile installations, as well as
the specifics of technology implementation in Russia.
The main constraints and promising areas for industry
of methods and criteria will provide an integrated development, including digitalization and integration
and comprehensive approach to the selection of with renewable energy sources, are identified.
reagents and materials in contact with drinking
water, eliminate existing contradictions, and help
to unite the efforts of many organizations to cre-
ate an optimal standardization option.

On changing the cold water supply
increase coefficient from 1.5 to 3: opinion
E. A. Lesman, power engineer
Keywords: water supply, increase coefficient, tariffs,
housing and communal services, standard con-
sumption, water metering, utilities
This article examines changes to the regulatory
framework for cold water supply charges related to
the increase in the increase coefficient for consum-
ers without individual meters. A critical assessment
of the effectiveness of increase coefficients as an
incentive to install meters is presented.

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